The ultrasonic cleaner is highly effective in removing various types of contaminants, including oxides, grease, oil residues, abrasive pastes, and polishing compounds. However, after the main dirt has been removed, some fine particles and microscopic debris from the base metal may still remain on the surface, especially in complex or hard-to-reach areas. This residual contamination can be challenging to eliminate without additional cleaning methods. Therefore, for thorough cleaning—especially for heavily soiled parts that have been exposed to multiple types of pastes—a manual washing step is often necessary. Even with manual effort, achieving a completely clean surface isn't always guaranteed.
The precision manufacturing of numerous mechanical components, instruments, and devices relies heavily on the high-quality finish of their surfaces. This is particularly critical for small parts such as optical glass, clock mechanisms, relay contact points, ball bearings, vacuum tube electrodes, motor brushes, and electric shavers. Even a small amount of dirt or dust left on these surfaces can significantly reduce their performance or lifespan. It is especially crucial to rinse parts thoroughly after they’ve been processed with abrasive solutions or pastes, as incomplete cleaning can lead to damage. In such cases, an ultrasonic cleaner becomes essential, offering a level of cleanliness that manual methods alone cannot achieve.
An ultrasonic cleaning machine works by transmitting high acceleration into the cleaning solution, creating localized cavitation that exerts a destructive force on the surface being cleaned, along with an emulsification effect that helps break down oils and other substances.
Ultrasonic washers can operate in either a chemically active medium or a chemically inactive one that doesn’t dissolve impurities. While the latter may result in slightly reduced cleaning efficiency, it is still effective for many applications. The mechanical action of the ultrasonic waves in an inactive medium can be explained by the fact that when cavitation bubbles collapse near the dirt, shock waves are generated. These vibrations help the bubbles penetrate into the pores, narrow spaces, and gaps between the surface and the contaminant, breaking down the dirt layer. Non-sticky dirt is most affected by this mechanical cleaning process. However, with more viscous or elastic dirt, the cavitation effect is less pronounced because the dirt tends to stretch and contract with the bubble’s movement, reducing its effectiveness.
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