Residual chlorine in water is an important indicator of swimming pool water quality. Insufficient residual chlorine means that the sterilizing power of the water body is not enough, which may lead to excessive bacterial content in the pool water and more particulate matter, which may adversely affect the human body. The swimming pools built by the current water park equipment manufacturers generally use chlorine disinfectants to sterilize and purify water. There have been children drowning, causing cough and high fever. The hospital diagnosis is a respiratory infection caused by bacteria.
1 Prevent algae growth and reproduction
Algae are tiny plants with hundreds of different types. Algae can multiply rapidly in water. First, it will consume carbon dioxide dissolved in water, causing the pH to rise rapidly. As the dead algae consume oxygen in the water, the clear pool will become a stagnant water in one day. Spores in the air, turf and mud scouring into the water will bring in algae, which often happens after heavy rains, especially at high water temperatures.
In order to control harmful bacterial and viral contamination, water park equipment manufacturers must properly add disinfectant in the pool water. For home users, the most commonly used disinfectants are bromine and its compounds, chlorine and its compounds.
Bromine, like chlorine, kills bacteria, viruses and algae and can oxidize. Elemental bromine is a reddish brown liquid at room temperature. For swimming pool disinfection is a granular methyl compound containing bromine and chlorine. This compound is added to the circulation system to decompose hypobromous acid and hypochlorous acid. Bromine disinfection costs more than chlorine disinfection, but it has a wide pH range. Under soft water conditions, bromine should be used as a disinfectant, and its concentration should be kept at 4-6 mg/L.
Hypochlorous acid is the main disinfectant. Its mechanism of action is: 1 penetrating the cell wall of microorganisms, destroying the protein and enzyme system of microorganisms; 2 eliminating organic and inorganic pollutants in water by oxidation. Hypochlorous acid is the main disinfectant. Its mechanism of action is: 1 penetrating the cell wall of microorganisms, destroying the protein and enzyme system of microorganisms; 2 eliminating organic and inorganic pollutants in water by oxidation.
The source of hypochlorous acid is calcium hypochlorite or chlorine. Calcium hypochlorite is a particulate substance formed by the absorption of chlorine by calcium hydroxide and is a stable compound. Calcium hypochlorite releases chlorine when it is added to water, so it can be used as a disinfectant for swimming pools. The addition of calcium hypochlorite increases the calcium ion concentration and pH in the water, which is advantageous for swimming pools using soft water. There should be sufficient chlorine to keep the residual chlorine in the pool water at 0.4-0.6 mg/L.
When the concentration of organic matter in the pool water is high, a mixture of NH 2 Cl, NHCl 2 and NCl 3 appears. This is caused by the reaction of chlorine molecules with nitrogenous compounds in the pool water. This will result in the loss of disinfection, especially if NCl 3 will give the pool water an unpleasant smell. Only by further increasing the amount of chlorine added can the NCl 3 be decomposed. At this time, the chlorine concentration in the water no longer rises continuously, and will continue to rise only after the decomposition of NCl 3 , that is, the so-called depreciation of chlorine in the profession.
When the swimming pool fails to replenish enough fresh water for a period of time, the cyanuric acid content in the water is too high, and chlorine lock-up phenomenon occurs, that is, chlorine mainly exists in the form of two or three chlorine molecular complexes, thereby losing the disinfection. effect. This is not the case when the concentration of cyanuric acid is reached. It is generally believed that the chlorine locking effect is most pronounced at a concentration of about 160 mg/L. After the chlorine lock in the pool water, increasing the amount of chlorine added can alleviate this situation, but the long-term plan is to add more fresh water.
On the other hand, cyanuric acid acts as a chlorine stabilizer, and it is advantageous to keep it at a lower concentration in the water, so as to avoid residual chlorine in the water consumed by ultraviolet rays in sunlight. It is usually added to water in the form of particulate matter, or it can be produced in the process of dissolving a dichloro complex or a trichloro complex into water: the chlorine complex splits into individual chlorine molecules and simultaneously produces cyanuric acid. Therefore, if a chlorine complex is added to the pool, no additional chlorine stabilizer is required. However, when sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite is used as a disinfectant, it is necessary to add a chlorine stabilizer. Care should be taken to avoid mixing the above materials in a dry state, which is dangerous.
In special cases, excessive amounts of sodium hypochlorite or calcium hypochlorite can be added to the pool water to form a higher chlorine concentration, inhibit algae growth and reduce the smell of unpleasant chloroform, and also destroy the organic pollution that is clustered together. Object. In addition, the excessive concentration of chlorine gas in one time, so that the concentration of chlorine in the pool water reaches about 10 mg / L, can effectively prevent the proliferation of bacteria and algae, the family pool can be treated once a week.
The transparent cleansing of water can be measured by the total amount of soluble solids. TDS refers to charged chemicals that can accumulate in pool water, especially if the pool water evaporates or does not add enough fresh make-up water. This substance is difficult to see by the naked eye, but its conductivity can corrode various components of the pool, such as pumps, pipes, filters, etc. These substances usually exist in the form of chlorides or sulphates: long-term use of sodium hypochlorite as a disinfectant can lead to the accumulation of chlorides; periodic additions of substances such as aluminum sulphate and sodium hydrogen sulphate can lead to an increase in the concentration of sulphate. Periodic backwashing and timely replenishment of fresh water is the best way to control TDS.
The pH reflects the pH range of the pool water specified in the Hygienic Standard for Artificial Swimming Pool Water Quality from 6.5 to 8.5. In order to protect the swimming pool from proper operation, users of the pool should pay close attention to whether the indicator is up to standard and the pH of the water can be measured with a simple test strip. In order to stabilize the pH of the pool water, a special stabilizer should be added to keep the pH of the pool water within a reasonable range.
At the same time, we must pay attention to another indicator closely related to pH: total alkalinity. The total alkalinity reflects the difficulty of changing the pH of the water. If the total alkalinity is less than 80 mg/L, the pH stability is insufficient and fluctuates easily; when the total alkalinity is higher than 200 mg/L, the pH stability is too high and it is difficult to adjust. The pH of the pool water should have reasonable stability, which can be adjusted without excessive fluctuations, so the total alkalinity should be kept within a reasonable range. In addition, high alkalinity and high pH can cause water to turbid and form deposits; too low alkalinity can cause corrosion of the equipment and cause swimmers' discomfort.
The hardness of the water should be moderate. If it is too high, it will appear on the wall of the pool. If it is too low, it will erode the mortar of the wall.
Soft water has a calcium carbonate concentration of less than 50 mg/L or a calcium chloride concentration of less than 30 mg/L. The pH in soft water is difficult to maintain stable. The use of calcium hypochlorite as a disinfectant helps to increase the hardness of the water. There are two ways to keep the water clean. One is to use the drug pump to automatically add the medicine, and then to manually spray the medicine. If there is sediment, the water is dedusted in time until the water quality reaches the standard.
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