Along with the rapid development of e-commerce, there has been a volume of express packaging pollution. Recently, relevant state departments have gradually introduced various policies to provide policy guidance for green logistics. At the same time, many companies such as Rookie Network and Jingdong Logistics are actively seeking solutions. However, green logistics is a systematic project. It is not a platform and a company can be completed independently. It requires the government, express delivery companies, merchants and consumers to work together and undertake.
On September 1st, the new national standard of "Express Packaging Supplies" was officially implemented. At the same time, the "E-commerce Law" passed on August 31 made clear provisions on the greening of express packaging. Specifically, it includes Article 52: Express delivery logistics service providers shall use environmentally-friendly materials in accordance with regulations to achieve reduction and reuse of packaging materials; Article 65: State Council and local people's governments at or above the county level and their Relevant departments should take measures to support and promote green packaging, warehousing and transportation, and promote the green development of e-commerce.
In addition to the new national standard of "Express Packaging Supplies" and the newly passed "E-commerce Law", the "Provisional Regulations on Express Delivery" officially implemented on May 1 this year also tilted the green environment and clearly encouraged the use of degradable and reusable The environmentally friendly packaging materials enable the reduction and utilization of packaging materials and reuse. The “Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Green Packaging Work of the Express Industry†and the “Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Green Packaging Work of the Express Industryâ€, which was previously published, also provided policy guidance for building green logistics.
Courier packaging pollution situation is grim
In October last year, China Post Express and Qingdao Institute of Printing, Qingdao Institute jointly released the "2017 China Express Field Green Packaging Development Status and Trend Report", showing that in 2016, the national express delivery express waybill and express delivery electronics The total usage of the waybill is 31.28 billion. Among them, the express electronic waybills were 20.96 billion, accounting for 67%; the express delivery orders were 10.32 billion, accounting for 33%. The total use of woven bags is about 3.2 billion, of which 99% are “direct use†for express delivery companies. In 2016, the total amount of plastic bags used in the express delivery industry in the country was about 14.7 billion, of which the number of “direct use†plastic bags for express delivery was about 6.8 billion, accounting for 46%, and the remaining 54% were for the e-commerce platform and sellers. package. The total use of envelopes is about 3.4 billion, of which 99% are “direct use†by express delivery companies. The total use of packaging boxes is about 8.6 billion, of which the number of “direct use†cartons in the express delivery industry is about 3.7 billion, accounting for 43%, and the remaining 57% is the self-contained packaging of e-commerce platforms and sellers. The total use of tape is about 330 million rolls, of which express delivery is “direct use†of 205 million rolls, accounting for about 62%, and the remaining 38% is self-contained by e-commerce platform and sellers.
According to the statistics of relevant institutions, the volume of China's express delivery business reached 40 billion in 2017. Last year alone, the total length of tape used for packaging express delivery was 425 laps around the Earth's equator. The actual recovery rate of cardboard and plastic was less than 10%, and the overall recovery rate of packaging was less than 20%. The data shows that in China's special cities, the increase in express packaging waste has accounted for 93% of the increase in domestic waste, and the number of partial cities has reached 85% to 90%. These packaging wastes are mainly paper and plastic, and the raw materials are mostly derived from wood and petroleum. At the same time, the transparent raw materials, plastic bags and other materials commonly used in express packaging are mainly made of polyvinyl chloride. This material is buried in the soil and takes hundreds of years to degrade, which will cause irreversible damage to the environment.
The new national standard requires "green" and "decrease"
The new national standard "Express Packaging Supplies" officially implemented on September 1 was released in February this year. Jin Jinghua, Director of the Policy and Regulation Department of the State Post Bureau, said in an interview that the new national standard has increased in terms of greening in light of industry realities. A lot of content has been carried out in volume innovation.
One is to increase the limits of heavy metals and specific substances. In the express envelope and courier package, the four heavy metals of lead, mercury, cadmium and chromium should not be 100 mg per kilogram. For express packaging bags, the new national standard also imposes limit requirements on six phthalates, solvent residues and benzene solvent residues.
The second is to advocate the use of biodegradable materials. For the first time, the standard proposes that “co-degradable packaging bags should be biodegradable plasticsâ€. After being discarded, the plastic bags are degraded by natural microorganisms under natural conditions and under certain conditions. After 6 months, they can be naturally degraded and decomposed into Mineralized inorganic salts of carbon dioxide, methane, water and their constituents.
The third is to put forward technical requirements for printing inks. On the one hand, the use of ink is reduced. The standard proposes that the courier package should maintain the original color of the material, and the printing area should not exceed 50% of the total surface area. In addition, it is recommended to use water-based ink printing, so as to avoid the use of hot-melt ink. The resulting solvent residue has a negative impact on the environment.
In terms of reduction, the first is to reduce the quantitative requirements for express envelope paper. The amount of raw materials for express envelopes was reduced from 250 grams per square meter to 300 grams to less than 200 grams, a drop of more than 20%. The second is to reduce the minimum thickness requirement of plastic film express bags, which is reduced from 0.06 mm to 0.03 mm in the old national standard, with a drop of 50%. Thirdly, no longer stipulates the choice of single and double corrugated materials for express delivery boxes. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of express delivery, as long as the materials meet the indexes such as bursting resistance, side pressure and puncture strength, it is possible to promote low-quantity and high-strength raw materials. Application in the express delivery industry. The fourth is to reduce the quantitative requirements for air cushion film express packaging bags and plastic woven cloth express packaging bags.
It is reported that the standard research unit has calculated according to the scale of the express delivery business last year: if the amount of express envelopes that meet the requirements of the new national standard increases by 1 percentage point, it can save 6400 tons of Paper Products, which means that the amount of wood will be saved. The use of courier bags that meet the new national standard requirements can save 4,200 tons of oil for every 1 percentage point increase.
Corporate practice is the key
In fact, many home appliance giants have been working on green packaging in recent years. At the end of May this year, led by the rookie, Alibaba's core business segment gathered in Beijing to jointly announce the launch of the 2020 green logistics plan. Wanlin, president of the rookie network, said that Alibaba has a "small goal" - the courier bags used by Tmall direct delivery business will be upgraded to environmental protection bags, Taobao and free fish door-to-door pickup business. 200 cities.
Recently, the person in charge of Jingdong Logistics also said in an interview with this reporter that in December 2017, Jingdong Logistics completed the domestic first launch of the circulating express delivery box, Qingliu Box. Up to now, more than 20 first- and second-tier cities such as Beishangguangshen and Shenzhen have used the Qingliu box, and the number of inputs has exceeded 300,000. The number of disposable cartons has been reduced by tens of millions. In May this year, the recycling box management system On-line, embedding chips in the blue flow box to realize intelligent management of the whole process; in the next three years, from the upstream manufacturing end to the downstream consumer end, all of them will realize optional cyclic packaging, reduce the use of disposable packaging, and reduce the supply chain by 2020. One-time packaging of 10 billion green targets.
From 2016 to 2017, express packaging has achieved certain results in terms of reduction, greening and recyclability. As of the end of 2017, the penetration rate of electronic waybills reached 80%, saving 21 billion sheets of traditional paper express delivery orders throughout the year; by promoting the recyclable woven bags, 400 million transit woven bags were saved.
Need to build a whole industry chain
Although the development of green logistics in China has accelerated significantly in recent years, Fang Hao, director of the Development Research Center of the State Post Bureau, proposed at the beginning of this year that green logistics is an inevitable choice. Domestic logistics companies have also made many innovations, but green logistics is a systematic project. It is not a platform, a company can be completed independently, and it requires the government, express delivery companies, businesses and consumers to work together and bear. Recently, Shao Zhonglin, the former Secretary-General of the China Express Association and the Director General of the Think Tank of the Shanghai International Federation of Industry and Commerce, said in an interview with this reporter that the construction of green logistics is a systematic work, and all departments in the industrial chain need to work together. From the government to e-commerce companies, express delivery companies, packaging production companies, and so on, consumers need to have a sense of green logistics.
“The cost of transferring a dollar for express delivery companies and logistics companies is likely to be ran away. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the green issue from the perspective of the entire green supply chain. This is not only a matter of express logistics, but also the industry chain. Responsibility." Fang Wei said that the "Double Eleven" packaging is flooding, and more than 1.5 billion parcels can be connected around the world for seven and a half times.
In fact, according to calculations by foreign companies, transportation emissions account for more than 80% of the total emissions of enterprises, and air transportation accounts for more than 70% of transportation emissions. It can be seen that although packaging is important, it is not a sufficient condition to truly make the whole industry green. Therefore, we should improve transportation equipment and explore new fuels. At present, China is in the initial stage of promoting packaging reduction, greening, and waste recycling. Fang Wei proposes to improve incentive policies such as fiscal, taxation, finance, land, trade, insurance, investment, price, and technological innovation to encourage mature and advanced Technology, experience and practices, try to demonstrate the green development of other regions and industries.
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