The image is the external feature of the object. The image includes all parts of the visual element. All the concept elements such as points, lines and faces also have their own images when they are seen on the screen.
In the graphic design, a group of identical or similar figures is composed, each of its constituent units becomes a basic form, and the basic form is a smallest unit. Using it according to a certain structural principle, the best constitutional effect can be obtained by arranging and combining.
1. Formation: In the composition, due to the basic combination, a combination of shape and shape arises. These relationships are:
2. Separation: There is a certain distance between the shape and shape without contact.
3. Contact: The edge between the shape and the shape is exactly tangent.
4. Overlapping: The relationship between shape and shape is a complex relationship, which results in a spatial relationship between up, down, left and right.
5. Through stacking: The transparency between shapes and shapes overlaps, but does not produce the spatial relationship between up and down.
6. Combination: The combination of shape and shape becomes a new, larger shape.
7. Subtraction: mutual coverage between form and shape, where the coverage is cut off.
8. Poor stacking: Forms and shapes overlap each other, creating new shapes in overlapping places.
9. Coincidence: The shapes and shapes overlap and become one.
Gradient is an effect that I often hear about. It can be experienced in nature. On the road we will feel the gradual change of trees from near to far and from big to small.
Gradient type:
1. Gradient of the shape: A basic shape gradient to another basic shape, the basic shape can be from complete gradient to incomplete, or from simple to complex, from abstract gradient to representation.
2. Gradient of direction: The basic shape can make a directional gradient on the plane.
3. Gradient of position: The basic shape is used when the position is gradated. Since the basic shape changes position, the part beyond the skeleton will be cut off.
4. Gradient of size: Gradient arrangement of basic shapes from large to small will produce depth and space.
5. Gradient of color: In the color, hue, lightness, purity can produce a gradual effect, and will produce a layered sense of beauty.
6. Bone Gradient: refers to the regular changes of the skeleton, making the basic shape change in shape, size, and direction. The line that divides the skeleton can make gradients such as horizontal, vertical, oblique, polyline, and curve. Gradual bones are carefully arranged to produce special visual effects, sometimes with illusion and movement.
The general concept of repetition refers to the fact that the same image appears twice or more in the same design. Repetition is the more commonly used method in design to enhance the impression given to people, resulting in a regular sense of rhythm, and the unity of the picture. In the same way, in the repeated configuration, it mainly means the same in shape, color, size, and the like. The basic shape in repetition: the shape used to repeat is called the basic shape, each basic shape is a unit, and then it is designed in a repeated manner. The basic shape should not be complicated, and it should be simple.
1. Repetition of the basic form: The use of the same basic form in the design of the design is called the repetition of the basic form. Such repetition is seen everywhere in daily life. For example: one window in a tall building.
2. Bone lattice repetition: If the shape and area of ​​each unit of the skeleton are exactly equal, this is a repeating skeleton, and the repeating skeleton is a kind of regular skeleton, the simplest one.
3. Shape repetition: Shape is the most commonly used repeating element, and the shape repeated in the entire composition may vary in size, color, and the like.
4. Size repetition: Similar or identical shapes, repeated in size.
5. Color repetition: In the same color conditions, the shape and size can be changed.
6. Repetition of texture: In the same condition of the texture, the size and color can be changed.
7. The repetition of the direction: the shape has a clear and consistent directionality in the composition.
Approximation refers to the common characteristics in terms of shape, size, color, texture, etc. It shows the effect of vivid changes in unity. The degree of approximation can be large or small, and if the degree of approximation is large, a sense of repetition is produced. A small degree of approximation will undermine unity.
Approximate classification:
1. Approximation of shapes: If two images belong to the same family, their shapes are similar, just like the human image.
2. Approximation of Bone Gravity: Bone lattices can be approximated rather than repeated, that is to say, the shape and size of the skeleton units have certain changes and are approximate.
Note: The difference between the approximation and the gradient is that the change of the gradient is very regular, the basic form is very strict, and the approximate regularity of change is not strong, and the basic and other visual elements have large changes and are more lively.
The bone grid determines the relationship between the basic shapes in the composition. Sometimes, the skeleton also becomes part of the image. Different changes of the skeleton will change the overall composition.
The skeleton is divided into:
1. Regularity: The regularity has a precise and strict skeleton line, a regular digital relationship, and the basic form is arranged according to the skeleton and has a strong sense of order. There are repetitions, gradients, launches, etc.
2. Irregular skeletal features: Non-regular skeletal features generally do not have strict skeletal lines.
3. Role of the bone lattice: The role of the bone lattice is the basic form of each other into their own boundaries of the unit, the bone lattice to the image of the exact space, the basic shape in the bone lattice unit can freely change the position, direction, plus or minus, or even beyond the bone line.
4. Non-active bones: Non-active bones are conceptual, and non-active bone lines contribute to the organization of basic forms, but do not affect their shape, nor do they divide the space into relatively independent bone units.
5. Repetitive bone lattice: refers to the unit of space in which the skeletal line segmentation is identical in shape and size. It is the most regular skeletal lattice, and the basic shape is arranged according to the continuity of the skeletal lattice.
Launching is a common natural phenomenon. The sun's rays are emitted. The emission has the regularity of the direction, and the launch center is the most important visual focus. All the images are concentrated in the center, or spread out from the center, sometimes it can create optical movement, it will have an explosive feeling, and it has a strong visual effect.
Launch classification:
1. The launch of the center point: the emission from this center outwards or from outside to inside.
2. Spiral emission: The basic form of the spiral has been performed in a spirally arranged manner, and the convoluted basic shape gradually expands to form a spiral emission.
3. Concentric emission: Concentric emission is a focal point-centered, layer-by-layer emission pattern, such as an arrow target.
Specificity refers to the fact that the constituent elements in the orderly relationship intentionally violate the order and make a few individual elements stand out in order to break the regularity.
Specific classification:
1. Specificity of shape: In many repeated or approximate basic forms, a small part of specific shapes appears to form a contrast and become the visual focus on the screen.
2. Size-specificity: In the composition of the same basic form, only specific comparisons in size are made, but it should be noted that the specificity of the basic form in size should be moderate, not to be too disparate or too similar.
3. The specificity of color: In the same color composition, add some contrasting components to break the monotony.
4. Directional specificity: Most basic forms are arranged in an orderly manner, consistent in direction, and a few basic forms are changed in direction to form a special effect.
5. The specificity of the texture: In the same texture texture, resulting in different texture changes.
Comparison sometimes form on the contrast, color contrast and is sometimes texture. Contrast can produce clear, positive, strong visuals, impressive. In contrast to the natural world, heaven and earth, land and sea, and red and green leaves are contrasting phenomena. Contrast relations, including: size, light and dark, sharp and blunt, light and heavy.
Contrast classification:
1. The contrast of shapes: completely different shapes, although there is a certain contrast, but one should pay attention to the sense of unity.
2. Contrast in size: The shape is different in the area of ​​the screen, and the length of the line is different.
3. Contrast of colors: The contrast of color due to hue, light and shade, shade, and coldness and warmth.
4. Contrast of texture: The contrast produced by different textures, such as thickness, smoothness, and texture.
5. Contrast of positions: The position of the shape in the screen is different, and the contrast produced by different positions such as upper, lower, left, right, and higher.
6. Contrast of the center of gravity: The contrast between the center of gravity's stability, instability, and weight.
7. Contrast in space: The contrast between the positive and negative images, the bottom of the map, the distance and the front and back of the plane.
8. Contrast between the actual and the actual: The real-life graphics in the screen are called real, the space is virtual, and the virtual space is mostly bottom.
It should be noted that in the use of contrast, a unified sense of unity is required, and all aspects of the visual elements must have a certain general trend, with one key point, and each set off. If you compare everywhere, you can't emphasize the contrast factor.